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Cycling Mechanism/Linguistic Fluidity
Dlabaja, Martin ; Lungová, Barbora (referee) ; Sterec, Pavel (advisor)
The main purpose of this work is to show relative scales of temperature changes during holocene and pleistocene [1.] using evaluated combined data sets from Greenland Ice Core Project and Vostok Ice Core project [2.]. Projects are researching values of CO2 in atmosphere using deep drills into sedimentary ice sheet layers corresponding in its maximum depth (approx. 3 km) to 800 kyr BP [3.] Values of CO2 correlates with temperature [4.]. Then we can lay out different cultural peak events on weather background and analyze the influence of temperature changes on rise and fall of empires, (Mesopotamia, Egypt, Shang, Indus, Rome) or study dramatic extinction events (Younger Dryas), watch the very beginning of culture in Fertile Crescent to witch trials in european “dark ages” in very close and evident correlation to weather change. Second goal is introduction to perceiving deep time as such.Third would be to raise questions and discussion about our own supposedly rigid timeline given to us by archeology by purposefully picked events such as meltwater pulses in Younger Dryas. (Lost cultures in Younger Dryas? Boloid impacts? Immediate emergence of writing systems without any proto evidence?) Of course a point of this work I didn’t mention is to present scientific data in aesthetically pleasing and effective way. These researches can be really “mind-blowing” if presented thoughtfully, (here in a way that is both attractive and shows scales and impact on our present day in a context of a global warming), but stays hidden from common knowledge due to for some “sterile” presentation in data sheets, which can be hard to read and make sense out of for people missing context.
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Climate and settlement dynamics based on comparison of dendroclimatic and archaeological data of South Bohemian holocene.
VOBEJDA, Libor
The environment is influenced by the ever changing system of interacting forces. Changes in the climate are amongst many crucial factors that determine life conditions on Earth. All organisms have to cope with the environmental changes and humans are no exception. This thesis is focused on description of climate changes during the Holocene geological epoch. The climate is delineated based on proxy datasets. South Bohemian proxy data, mainly tree ring chronology, are used as primary sources for the reconstruction of past climate. These proxy datasets are complemented by various climatic reconstructions covering the area of central Europe. In order to assess the connection of past human societies to climate, a comparison between climate and settlement proxies is conducted. As an example of the settlement proxies we can list relative population density and location of dwellings. Target populations are agricultural prehistoric and historic societies.
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Quaternary insects and their significance for zoogeography, paleoclimatology and paleoecology
Moudrý, Jakub ; Prokop, Jakub (advisor) ; Říhová, Dagmar (referee)
The present thesis is a review of available published data on Quaternary insects. Research focused on Quaternary insects has been so far overlooked by the Czech scientists, even though there is potential to provide additional data for complex reconstruction of Quaternary deposits. Insect faunas allow to trace the dynamic development of areas across continents and serve for example as proof of migration routes. It is especially true for the Pleistocene, well known for prominent climatic oscillations. Thus, the insect species served as climatic indicators allowing estimations of average temperatures by application of the MCR method. Finally, these faunal changes reflect dynamic development of palaeoenvironments. The fact that the subfossil taxa correspond to the recent species allows broader reconstruction of the Quaternary deposits.
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Climatic variability during Iron and Roman Iron Ages: Overview of recent research and case study of Bohemia
VOBEJDA, Libor
The thesis is focused mainly on climatic development during iron and roman iron ages and influence of climate on human populations in observed time period. First half of the body of this thesis is dedicated to paleoclimatological methods. Understanding of principles, strenghts and weaknesses of these methods is crucial for proper interpretation of climatic proxy. Few pages with description of the influence of climatic pattern of North Atlantic oscillation on climate of central Europe are also present in this thesis. The main part is the ountline of possible climate development which is based on various environmental proxy. The last part is Linked to the climatic reconstruction which is aiming to describe possible effect of climatic variability on migration and spatial structure of human settlement.
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Quaternary insects and their significance for zoogeography, paleoclimatology and paleoecology
Moudrý, Jakub ; Prokop, Jakub (advisor) ; Říhová, Dagmar (referee)
The present thesis is a review of available published data on Quaternary insects. Research focused on Quaternary insects has been so far overlooked by the Czech scientists, even though there is potential to provide additional data for complex reconstruction of Quaternary deposits. Insect faunas allow to trace the dynamic development of areas across continents and serve for example as proof of migration routes. It is especially true for the Pleistocene, well known for prominent climatic oscillations. Thus, the insect species served as climatic indicators allowing estimations of average temperatures by application of the MCR method. Finally, these faunal changes reflect dynamic development of palaeoenvironments. The fact that the subfossil taxa correspond to the recent species allows broader reconstruction of the Quaternary deposits.
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Paleoclimatic proxies for the Upper Holocene in Central Europe
Heglasová, Veronika ; Treml, Václav (advisor) ; Nývlt, Daniel (referee)
This thesis summarizes findings of the Central European climate evolution during the Late Holocene and approaches to studying the paleoclimates. Indirect sources of evidence about a climatic variable, i.e. proxy data, are used to infer quantitative estimates of temperature or precipitation and can be subdivided into several categories: tree rings record both low- and high-frequency variability of climate with annual resolution; biological (and palynological) proxy data show evidence of longer-term climate changes which are deduced from changes of assemblages/taxa and their ecological preferences. Sedimentary chemistry, including stable isotopes 18 O a 13 C, maintains information on environmental conditions at the time of origin and deposition of sediment (thanks to fractionation and other processes); natural archives are complemented with documentary data which capture the fluctuations of climate up to monthly resolution and also extreme events. There is 44 quantitative paleoclimatic reconstructions in the Central Europe that employ the aforementioned proxy data, although the majority of research articles investigates only approximately the past one thousand years. The temperature and precipitation are reconstructed in the area of the Czech Republic for the past ~600 years. Decadal variability of...
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Cycling Mechanism/Linguistic Fluidity
Dlabaja, Martin ; Lungová, Barbora (referee) ; Sterec, Pavel (advisor)
The main purpose of this work is to show relative scales of temperature changes during holocene and pleistocene [1.] using evaluated combined data sets from Greenland Ice Core Project and Vostok Ice Core project [2.]. Projects are researching values of CO2 in atmosphere using deep drills into sedimentary ice sheet layers corresponding in its maximum depth (approx. 3 km) to 800 kyr BP [3.] Values of CO2 correlates with temperature [4.]. Then we can lay out different cultural peak events on weather background and analyze the influence of temperature changes on rise and fall of empires, (Mesopotamia, Egypt, Shang, Indus, Rome) or study dramatic extinction events (Younger Dryas), watch the very beginning of culture in Fertile Crescent to witch trials in european “dark ages” in very close and evident correlation to weather change. Second goal is introduction to perceiving deep time as such.Third would be to raise questions and discussion about our own supposedly rigid timeline given to us by archeology by purposefully picked events such as meltwater pulses in Younger Dryas. (Lost cultures in Younger Dryas? Boloid impacts? Immediate emergence of writing systems without any proto evidence?) Of course a point of this work I didn’t mention is to present scientific data in aesthetically pleasing and effective way. These researches can be really “mind-blowing” if presented thoughtfully, (here in a way that is both attractive and shows scales and impact on our present day in a context of a global warming), but stays hidden from common knowledge due to for some “sterile” presentation in data sheets, which can be hard to read and make sense out of for people missing context.
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Paleoenvironmental interpretation of elemental geochemical proxies of the borehole Jp 585: Lower Miocene lacustrine offshore clays of Cypris Formation, Sokolov Basin
Erlebachová, Alice ; Martínek, Karel (advisor) ; Opluštil, Stanislav (referee)
This thesis presents geochemical study of the Lower Miocene lacustrine offshore clays of the Cypris Formation in the Sokolov Basin of the Eger Graben aimed at paleoenvironmental reconstruction. The applicability of elemental geochemistry proxies in the interpretation of 94 m thick lithologically monotonous, offshore lacustrine clay succession of the well core Jp 585 is tested. Geochemical proxy data seems to be a good indicator of changes in source areas ,erosion rates and climate. XRF analysis shows for example decrease of detrital input and the increase in amount of authigenic silica and carbonates upwards in the section. The results of CEC analysis point to a rapid variations of expandable clay minerals content. Marked increase of CEC is at 40 m depth. Combination of XRF and CEC enabled suggesting of four chemostratigraphical units. Their boundaries are often sharp, pointing to rapid changes in lake metabolism. These changes are preliminary interpreted as climate changes.
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